Resonant growth of stellar oscillations by incident gravitational waves

Stellar oscillation under the combined influences of incident gravitational wave and radiation loss is studied in a simple toy model. The star is approximated as a uniform density ellipsoid in the Newtonian gravity including radiation damping through quadrupole formula. The time evolution of the oscillation is significantly controlled by the incident wave amplitude $h$, frequency $\nu$ and damping time $\tau$. If a combination $h \nu \tau$ exceeds a threshold value, which depends on the resonance mode, the resonant growth is realized.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for the publication in Classical and Quantum Gravit

Fermented Soybean Powder with Rice Mold in the Absence of Salt Stimulates the Cellular Immune System and Suppresses the Humoral Immune Response in Mice

The immunomodulatory effect of fermented non-salty soybean powder (NSBP) was investigated in C3H/HeN mice. The number of splenic CD11b(+), CD49b(+), and interferon (IFN)-gamma(+)CD4(+) cells increased significantly, while that of interleukin (IL)-4(+)CD4(+) and CD19(+) cells decreased significantly in cultures containing NSBP. Similarly, in the spleen and Peyer's patches of mice fed a diet containing NSBP, the number of IL-12(+)CD11b(+), CD49b(+), and IFN-gamma(+)CD4(+) cells increased noticeably, whereas the number of splenic IL-4(+)CD4(+) and CD19b(+) cells was lower compared to mice fed an NSBP-free diet. Superoxide production by peritoneal macrophages was significantly higher in mice fed an NSBP-containing diet. Both intestinal total IgA and serum total IgG levels declined in mice fed the NSBP-containing diet. Microarray analysis of mRNAs extracted from Peyer's patch cells of mice fed the NSBP-containing diet indicated an increase in the expression of several genes related to cellular immune responses, while the expression of genes related to immunoglobulin production decreased. These results indicate that NSBP stimulates the cellular immune response, but suppresses the acquired humoral immune response in C3H/HeN mice.ArticleJOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY. 59(6):564-569 (2013)journal articl

Aquaporin 4 Expression in the mdx Mouse Diaphragm

Expression of aquaporin (AQP) 4 in the surface membranes of skeletal myofibers is well established; however, its functional significance is still unknown. The alterations of AQP4 expressions in dystrophic muscles at RNA and protein levels have been reported in various dystrophic muscles such as dystrophinopathy, dysferlinopathy, and sarcoglycanopathy. We are interested in the relationship between the severity of dystrophic muscle degeneration and the expression of AQP4. Here we compared the AQP4 expression of the limb muscles with that of diaphragms in both mdx and control mice. The dystrophic muscle degeneration, such as rounding profile of cross sectional myofiber shape, dense eosin staining, central nuclei, and endomysial fibrosis in mdx mice, were more marked in diaphragms than in limb muscles. The decrease of AQP4 expression at protein level was more marked in diaphragms than in the limb muscles of mdx mice. However, the expression of AQP4 mRNA in the diaphragms of mdx mice was not reduced in comparison with limb muscles of mdx mice. The present study revealed that AQP4 expression at protein level was correlated with the severity of dystrophic changes in muscle tissues of mdx mice

Alfv\'en Polar Oscillations of Relativistic Stars

We study polar Alfv\'en oscillations of relativistic stars endowed with a strong global poloidal dipole magnetic field. Here we focus only on the axisymmetric oscillations which are studied by evolving numerically the two-dimensional perturbation equations. Our study shows that the spectrum of the polar Alfv\'{e}n oscillations is discrete in contrast to the spectrum of axial Alfv\'{e}n oscillations which is continuous. We also show that the typical fluid modes, such as the f and p modes, are not significantly affected by the presence of the strong magnetic field.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Nonradial oscillations of quark stars

Recently, it has been reported that a candidate for a quark star may have been observed. In this article, we pay attention to quark stars with radiation radii in the reported range. We calculate nonradial oscillations of $f$-, $w$- and $w_{\rm II}$-modes. Then, we find that the dependence of the $f$-mode quasi-normal frequency on the bag constant and stellar radiation radius is very strong and different from that of the lowest $w_{\rm II}$-mode quasi-normal frequency. Furthermore we deduce a new empirical formula between the $f$-mode frequency of gravitational waves and the parameter of the equation of state for quark stars. The observation of gravitational waves both of the $f$-mode and of the lowest $w_{\rm II}$-mode would provide a powerful probe for the equation of state of quark matter and the properties of quark stars.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.

Pluripotent stem cell assays: Modalities and applications for predictive developmental toxicity

This manuscript provides a review focused on embryonic stem cell-based models and their place within the landscape of alternative developmental toxicity assays. Against the background of the principles of developmental toxicology, the wide diversity of alternative methods using pluripotent stem cells developed in this area over the past half century is reviewed. In order to provide an overview of available models, a systematic scoping review was conducted following a published protocol with inclusion criteria, which were applied to select the assays. Critical aspects including biological domain, readout endpoint, availability of standardized protocols, chemical domain, reproducibility and predictive power of each assay are described in detail, in order to review the applicability and limitations of the platform in general and progress moving forward to implementation. The horizon of innovative routes of promoting regulatory implementation of alternative methods is scanned, and recommendations for further work are given

General characterization of Antarctic micrometeorites collected by the 39th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition: Consortium studies of JARE AMMs (III)

From November 1998 to January 1999,the 39th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-39) undertook Japanese first large-scale collection of Antarctic micrometeorites (AMMs), with sizes larger than 10μm, at the Meteorite Ice Field around the Yamato Mountains in Antarctica (at three different locations, for a total of 24 collection sites). The number of collected AMMs larger than 40μm is estimated to be about 5000. Here we present the general characterization (i.e., micro-morphology and surface chemical composition using SEM/EDS) of ∿810 AMMs chosen from 5 of the 24 sites. Additionally, the mineral composition of 61 out of 810 AMMs was determined by Synchrotron X-ray radiation. Preliminary results on mineralogical and chemical compositions show similarities with that of previous studies, even though a pronounced alteration of some AMMs is noticed. A correlation is found between the Mg/Si ratio at the sample\u27s surfaces of unmelted AMMs and the age of snow/ice in which the AMMs are embedded

Practical Construction of Naturally Occurring Branched-Chain

講演番号：1 E6 25 日本化学会第74春季年会, 平成10年3月27日～3月30日, 京

Synthesis of both epimeric epoxides from the same substrate having vicinal primary and tertiary hydroxyl groups

講演番号：1 A1 15 日本化学会第76春季年会, 平成11年3月28日～3月31日, 横